PAC (polyanionic cellulose) is commonly used chemicals in oil drilling industry to control fluid loss, stabilize wellbore walls, and improve fluid rheological properties. Two common grades are PAC LV (low viscosity polyanionic cellulose) and PAC HV (high viscosity polyanionic cellulose) . The key distinction primarily in their effects on drilling fluid viscosity and rheological properties.
The following is a comparison table of the core differences between PAC LV and PAC HV :
|
Characteristic |
PAC LV (Low Viscosity ) |
PAC HV (High Viscosity ) |
|
Core Features |
▶ Highly efficient fluid loss reduction (API fluid loss ≤ 1 6 mL) |
▶ Significantly increases viscosity and shear strength |
|
Viscosity performance |
Low viscosity (apparent viscosity ≤ 40 mPa·s) |
High viscosity , significant thickening (apparent viscosity ≥ 50 mPa·s) |
|
Salt and calcium resistance |
⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
⭐⭐⭐ |
|
Applicable drilling fluid system |
▶ Brine/saturated brine system ▶ Deep wells, high temperature and high salt wells |
▶ Freshwater/low salinity systems ▶ Extended reach wells and complex wellbores require high rock carrying capacity and wellbore stability |
|
Applicable temperature range |
≤150°C (stable performance at high temperature) |
≤140°C (viscosity may decrease at high temperatures) |
|
Molecular structure characteristics |
Short chain molecules, high degree of substitution (>0.9 0 ) |
Long chain molecules, high degree of substitution ≥0.90, |
|
Economical |
★★★★☆ |
★★★☆☆ |
|
Recommended dosage range |
0.3%–1.0% (low addition amount to achieve high efficiency in fluid loss reduction) |
0.5%–1.5% (a higher dosage is required to ensure viscosity-increasing effect) |
Summarize
PAC LV: Mainly used as a low viscosity fluid loss additive to control fluid loss without making the system too thick.
PAC HV: It has both fluid loss control and viscosity enhancement effects, and can enhance the rock-carrying and suspension properties of drilling fluids.
Therefore, at the drilling site, engineers will choose according to the well conditions . If only filtration control is needed, use PAC LV;
If both fluid loss control and enhanced drilling fluid viscosity are required, use PAC HV.
